Pigeon Fever in Horses

Pigeon Fever, also known as dry land distemper, has become increasingly common in the John Day Valley in recent years. This infectious disease is caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and is typically transmitted to horses through insect bites. Abscesses most often form in areas where flies tend to bite, such as the chest, sheath, udder, or along the belly line. The name “Pigeon Fever” comes from the appearance of some infected horses, which develop a swollen chest resembling a pigeon’s.

The bacteria can also spread through skin abrasions, so it’s important to avoid sharing tack, brushes, or feeding equipment between healthy horses and those with abscesses. Humans and other animals with skin cuts or compromised immune systems should not handle infected horses. While Pigeon Fever can cause significant discomfort, many cases heal naturally with anti-inflammatory support, and only more serious internal abscesses typically require antibiotics.

Preventing Pigeon Fever relies heavily on effective insect control. A conditionally licensed vaccine is also now available and shows promise in reducing infection risk. Call us today if you have questions about your horse or want guidance on prevention and care.